HomeRTI Case-Law Library › Canara Bank v. C.S. Shyam
Larger public interest override

Canara Bank v. C.S. Shyam

Quick answer

Information about employees’ transfers, postings and service particulars is “personal information” under Section 8(1)(j). It is normally exempt. The Court decided this on the clause as it stood before 13 November 2025; the clause now reads only “information which relates to personal information”, and a public authority may still allow access under Section 8(2), or under the proviso to Section 11(1) for third-party records, where the public interest in disclosure outweighs the harm.

Court / forum
Supreme Court of India
Citation
(2018) 11 SCC 426
Decided
31 Aug 2017
Bench
Justice R.K. Agrawal & Justice A.M. Sapre
RTI sections
8(1)(j)

Issue before the court

Whether bulk information about the transfers and postings of a bank’s employees can be obtained under RTI, or whether it is exempt personal information under Section 8(1)(j).

Facts in brief

The applicant sought extensive details — across many parameters — of the transfers and postings of all clerical staff across the bank’s branches over several years, including joining dates, promotions and the authorities who issued the transfer orders.

Holding / decision

The Supreme Court held that this information pertained to individual employees and was therefore “personal information” under Section 8(1)(j). Since the applicant neither asserted nor established any larger public interest, and neither the CIC nor the High Court recorded such a finding, the information was exempt and need not be disclosed.

The RTI principle it set

Service particulars of employees are personal information; on the clause as it then stood, the larger-public-interest override had to be specifically pleaded and established. Since 13 November 2025 that argument sits in Section 8(2) or, for records relating to or supplied by a third party, the proviso to Section 11(1), and it still cannot be presumed.

What it means for you

To obtain personal or service information about others, set out expressly why the public interest in disclosure outweighs the harm, citing Section 8(2) and, for third-party records, the proviso to Section 11(1); a bare request for bulk staff data will be refused.

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What RTI can help you get

  • Your own service and transfer records
  • Personal information about others where the public authority is satisfied, under Section 8(2) or the proviso to Section 11(1), that the public interest in disclosure outweighs the harm
  • Aggregate or policy information that does not single out individuals’ private particulars

What RTI may not give you

  • Bulk transfer or posting data of employees without a public-interest justification
  • Another person’s service particulars by default
  • Personal information where no public-interest case under Section 8(2) or the proviso to Section 11(1) is pleaded or proved

When to cite this case

When seeking or resisting bulk employee or service data, or to stress that the public-interest case under Section 8(2) must be specifically established, not assumed.

Later developments / current status

Statutory update: clause (j) was substituted with effect from 13 November 2025 by the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (section 44) and now reads only “information which relates to personal information”, so this judgment construed wording that is no longer in the Act; the public-interest tests that remain are Section 8(2) and, for third-party records, the proviso to Section 11(1). Canara Bank v. C.S. Shyam reinforces Girish Deshpande on Section 8(1)(j) and is cited for the proposition that a public-interest case must be affirmatively made out on the record, not presumed.

Limits / caution: The exemption is not absolute: under Section 8(2), or the proviso to Section 11(1) for third-party records, a public authority may allow access where the public interest in disclosure (for example, exposing arbitrary or corrupt transfers affecting the public) outweighs the harm. The failure here was the absence of any pleaded interest.

Source & verification

Primary official source: Official government source — pending verification
Full-text reference: Read the full judgment (free third-party legal database — not an official record)
Reviewed by
Adv. Syed Musab Rahim Hashmi
RTI Advocate · FileMyRTI Legal Team
Review status: Verified
Last reviewed: 20 September 2026
Source verified against: Pending official source

Related FileMyRTI services

Use RTI Dost to draft a request that clearly sets out your public-interest justification.

This is educational information, not legal advice. This summary is for general understanding of the Right to Information Act, 2005. The authoritative text is the official judgment as recorded by the court. Any third-party links are provided only for convenient reading. For your specific matter, consult a qualified legal professional.
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